Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Maternal Bacillus probiotic regulates offspring growth and immunity via spleen IGF-1/mTOR and FOXO1/IL-10 pathways

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-38412-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Serum levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in male S. albino mice offspring at postnatal day 28 following maternal Bacilli supplementation at different gestational stages. Data are presented as mean ± SE (n = 6 /group). Statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Groups sharing different superscript letters differ significantly at p < 0.05. Abbs: GD0, gestation day 0; GD8, gestation day 8; GD16, gestation day 16.

Article Snippet: According to Baxter and Martin mechanism of analysis, serum IGF-1 (6 samples/group) levels were analyzed following the protocol of the manufacturer-specific mouse IGF-1 ELISA kit (Catalog No. CSB-E04581m, Detection range: 0.156–10 ng/mL and sensitivity: less than 0.151 ng/mL, CUSABIO Company, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Maternal Bacillus probiotic regulates offspring growth and immunity via spleen IGF-1/mTOR and FOXO1/IL-10 pathways

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-38412-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A–D ) Immunohistochemical staining of the IGF-1 and FOXO1 markers in spleen sections from male offspring of S. albino mice following probiotic supplementation. ( A ) The GD0 and GD8 groups exhibited increased IGF-1 expression (brown color) in the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS), germinal centers, marginal zones, and stromal cells of the red pulp compared to the control. ( B ) The FOXO1 marker exhibited strong nuclear staining (brown colour) in the control group, whereas all Bacillus-treated groups (GD0, GD8 and GD16) showed a faint nuclear FOXO1 expression. IHC splenic tissues were examined under light microscopy at × 200 magnification; scale bar = 100 µm. ( C and D ) graphs: The integrated density percentage analysis of immunostaining for IG-1 and FOXO 1, respectively; according to the statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Data are presented as mean ± SE; groups sharing different superscript letters differ significantly at p < 0.05. Abbs : IGF-1 , Insulin-like Growth Factor-1; GD0 , gestation day 0; GD8 , gestation day 8; GD16 , gestation day 16.

Article Snippet: According to Baxter and Martin mechanism of analysis, serum IGF-1 (6 samples/group) levels were analyzed following the protocol of the manufacturer-specific mouse IGF-1 ELISA kit (Catalog No. CSB-E04581m, Detection range: 0.156–10 ng/mL and sensitivity: less than 0.151 ng/mL, CUSABIO Company, USA).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Expressing, Control, Marker, Light Microscopy, Immunostaining

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Gamma Aminobutyric Acid-Enriched Fermented Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) Increases the Length of the Growth Plate on the Proximal Tibia Bone in Sprague-Dawley Rats

doi: 10.3390/molecules25194375

Figure Lengend Snippet: The protein expression of hepatic IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. Liver extract from Sprague-Dawley rats 14 days after treatment were analyzed via western blotting with anti-IGF-1 ( A ) and anti-IGFBP-3 ( C ) antibodies. β-actin served as the loading control. ( B , D ) Quantification of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels. Data are expressed as means ± SD ( n = 6). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and, *** p < 0.001 vs. normal. IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; IGFBP-3, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3.

Article Snippet: Quantitative sandwich ELISA kits for mouse IGF (OKBB00165) and mouse IGFBP-3 (OKBB00172) were obtained from AVIVA Systems Biology (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control, Binding Assay

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Gamma Aminobutyric Acid-Enriched Fermented Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) Increases the Length of the Growth Plate on the Proximal Tibia Bone in Sprague-Dawley Rats

doi: 10.3390/molecules25194375

Figure Lengend Snippet: The serum GH ( A ), IGF-1 ( B ), and IGFBP-3 ( C ) levels. Serum from Sprague-Dawley rats 14 days after treatment were analyzed using commercial ELISA kits. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD, n = 6). * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. normal. GH, growth hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; IGFBP-3, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3.

Article Snippet: Quantitative sandwich ELISA kits for mouse IGF (OKBB00165) and mouse IGFBP-3 (OKBB00172) were obtained from AVIVA Systems Biology (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Standard Deviation, Binding Assay

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Gamma Aminobutyric Acid-Enriched Fermented Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) Increases the Length of the Growth Plate on the Proximal Tibia Bone in Sprague-Dawley Rats

doi: 10.3390/molecules25194375

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemical localization of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the proximal tibial growth plate. IGF-1 ( A ) and IGFBP-3 ( C ) were detected in the proliferating and hypertrophic zones in the proximal tibial growth plate. Scale bar; 50 μm. ( B , D ) The stained area of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 was analyzed using ImageJ ® and calculated in terms of the fold of the control. Data are expressed as means ± SD ( n = 6). * p < 0.05 and *** p < 0.001 vs. normal. IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; IGFBP-3, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3; PZ, proliferating zone; HZ, hypertrophic zone.

Article Snippet: Quantitative sandwich ELISA kits for mouse IGF (OKBB00165) and mouse IGFBP-3 (OKBB00172) were obtained from AVIVA Systems Biology (San Diego, CA, USA).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Control, Binding Assay